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WEEKLY NEWS - ISSUE of 14/06/96 -  PART 1/

* Algerie. Projet presidentiel conteste
Les reformes constitutionnelles concoctees par le president
Liamine Zeroual et ses proches ont recu un accueil glacial de
la plupart des acteurs politiques algeriens. Le "memorandum"
rendu public par M. Zeroual le 11 mai presente un scenario de
reformes profondes. Comme "la necessite de mettre a l'abri
l'identite nationale dans sa triple et indivisible dimension
islamique, arabe et amazigh (berbere) de toute exploitation ou
surencheres politiques ou partisanes" -- un principe qui sonne
le glas de l'islamisme politique. Le futur edifice
constitutionnel prevoit aussi le bicameralisme et des pouvoirs
presidentiels elargis lui permettant de "legiferer par
ordonnances dans certaines situations particulieres" a
preciser.   (D'apres B.L., Le Soir, Belgique, 10 juin 1996)

* Algerie. Crise au sein du <MSIB>GIA?
Le bulletin El Ansar, qui exprime en principe les vues des
GIA, a cesse de paraitre. Dans dernier numero il s'excusait de
ne pas publier les revelations annoncees sur les contacts
entre Paris et les GIA. Dans des communiques dates du 6 juin
et parvenus a Liberation, deux principaux responsables d'El
Ansar, le Syrien Abou Masab et le Palestinien Abou Khatadha,
affirment "la fin de leur soutien a la direction du GIA dirige
par <P9BI>Zitouni et son groupe, qui sont a l'origine de
nombreux depassements". De son cote, le quotidien saoudien, Al
Hayat, publie a Londres, a rapporte, lundi 10 juin, que deux
organisations islamistes armees, le Jihad egyptien et les
Guerriers islamiques libyens, ont annonce la fin de leur appui
au GIA, "car il verse le sang des innocents".   (D'apres
Liberation et AFP, France, 12 juin 1996)

* Angola. Demobilisation creates chaos
Seventy thousand men are due to be demobilised in Angola in
the coming weeks, threatening to destabilise further this
tense and divided country. Banditry is already rife in three
key areas, while in the capital, Luanda, car theft and mugging
are endemic. Half of the soldiers to be demobilised are from
the government army (FAA), and the other half from the Unita
opposition movement. Many of the latter are not soldiers but
men and boys caught up in the Unita kidnapping sweeps through
towns and villages that are still going on. The FAA has
proposed an ambitious and expensive plan, costing an estimated
$800 million, to place the 70,000 men in a fourth branch of
the army. This means keeping them under military discipline
until they are reintegrated into society.
The alternative UN plan, at one-tenth of the cost, would
release the men individually from the Quartering areas,
transport them to where they want to live, and supply them
with a kit of tools and seeds and some money for the first six
months.   (The Guardian, U.K., 12 June, 1996)

* Burundi. Echec des pourparlers
Les pourparlers de paix entre les deux partis au pouvoir au
Burundi se sont soldes par un echec, a indique le president de
l'Uprona (ex-parti unique). Les discussions etaient engagees
depuis le 4 juin, a Mwanza (Tanzanie), sous l'egide de
l'ancien president tanzanien Julius Nyerere. Une premiere
serie de discussions, en avril, avait deja echoue. De son
cote, le ministre burundais de la Defense, le lieutenant-
colonel Firmin Sinzoyiheba, a lance un avertissement aux
dirigeants burundais, estimant qu'il est "grand temps" que
ceux-ci, "a tous les niveaux, se remettent en cause". "On doit
cesser de mentir a ce peuple, de le manipuler, d'abuser de la
patience de ce peuple". Le ministre a toutefois ecarte
l'hypothese d'un coup d'Etat malgre les rumeurs persistantes a
ce sujet. "Le coup d'Etat n'est pas une panacee". Plus tot, on
apprenait le depart des derniers cooperants militaires
francais encore en poste au Burundi, plus 13 enseignants et
une douzaine d'assistants techniques francais.   (ANB-BIA, de
sources diverses, 11 juin 1996)

* Burundi. <MSBI>ICRC withdraws its delegates
On 11 June, the last remaining delegates of the International
Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) left Bujumbura in the
afternoon. The ICRC was compelled to take this decision
because of threats to its expatriate staff following the
deliberate attack in which three of them were killed on 4
June. The ICRC has asked the Burundi authorities to conduct a
thorough and objective inquiry into that tragic event and will
maintain regular contacts with them pending the results. At
present, the ICRC does not have sufficient information to say
how long its activities will be suspended, but is maintaining
its infrastructure in the country. It has asked the
authorities to ensure the safety of its local staff and to
safeguard its property.   (IRINWIRE, 12 June 1996)

* Burundi. Un genocide au compte-gouttes
Apres le meurtre de trois de ses collaborateurs la semaine
derniere, le comite international de la Croix-Rouge (CICR) a
annonce son retrait total du Burundi et y a suspendu sine die
toutes ses operations apres avoir recu de nouvelles menaces de
mort. En commentant ce retrait, le president du Comite
international de la Croix-Rouge Cornelio Sommaruga, a explique
a Florence, le 12 juin, que "depuis plusieurs mois, le Burundi
est le theatre d'un genocide au compte-gouttes". Depuis de
longs mois, des groupes de rebelles hutu s'opposent aux
milices de la minorite tutsi, souvent appuyees par l'armee,
dominee par les Tutsi. Les uns et les autres s'en prennent
surtout aux civils. M. Sommaruga n'a aucun doute: le meurtre
des trois delegues fut le fruit d'une attaque deliberee, et il
ne cache pas qu'il est favorable a une "operation militaire
internationale" pour retablir l'ordre et faire respecter le
"droit humanitaire", viole par les autorites locales, comme
propose par le secretaire general des Nations unies. Meme
l'Organisation de l'unite africaine (OUA) s'est declaree prete
a appuyer une intervention militaire "si le besoin s'en
faisait sentir". Mais il faudra pour cela une definition
claire des objectifs et le soutien des Nations unies.   (ANB-
BIA, de sources diverses, 12-14 juin 1996)

* Cote d'Ivoire. Journalistes: peine confirmee
Les peines de trois journalistes proches de l'opposition
ivoirienne, emprisonnes depuis six mois, ont ete confirmees
mercredi 12 juin par la cour d'appel d'Abidjan. Abou Dramane
Sangare, directeur de publication de La Voie, ainsi que
Freedom Neruda et Emmanuel Kore, journalistes dans ce
quotidien, avaient ete condamnes a deux ans de prison pour
offense au chef de l'Etat: ils avaient lie la defaite d'un
club de football a la presence sur le stade du president Henri
Konan Bedie.   (Le Monde, France, 14 juin 1996)

* Egypte. La justice inflige un camouflet aux islamistes
D'apres la Haute Cour constitutionnelle egyptienne, dont les
membres sont nommes par le pouvoir executif, l'islam n'impose
pas necessairement le port du voile. Dans un attendu, elle a
en effet estime que "la facon dont les femmes doivent couvrir
leur corps n'est pas specifiee categoriquement dans les textes
sacres. Cela releve de la libre interpretation personnelle".
L'islam n'exige de la femme que de "preserver sa pudeur et
couvrir son corps". La Haute Cour a aussi rejete la demande
des islamistes visant a annuler le decret du ministre de
l'Education, Hussein Kamal Bahaeddine, qui, en l'ete 1994,
avait interdit le port du niqab, le voile noir integral qui ne
laisse decouverts que les yeux. Le meme decret interdisait aux
eleves du primaire le port du hedjab, voile islamique
classique cachant les cheveux. Cette decision de la Haute Cour
est une victoire pour le regime du president Hosni Moubarak en
confrontation ouverte avec le courant islamiste depuis le
debut des annees 90.   (ANB-BIA, de sources diverses, 12 juin
1996)

* Egypte. Une nouvelle loi repressive
Douze membres de la direction du syndicat des journalistes
egyptiens, dont Ibrahim Nafie, directeur du quotidien Al Ahram
et proche du president Hosni Moubarak, ont demissionne,
mercredi 12 juin, de la presidence du syndicat. Ils entendent
ainsi protester contre la nouvelle loi sur la presse debattue
au Parlement egyptien, un an apres la loi de mai 1995,
qualifiee a l'epoque par les journalistes "d'assassinat de la
presse". Le 27 mai 1995, en effet, l'Assemblee du Peuple
adoptait a la sauvette et quasiment en secret une loi
punissant les auteurs d'articles diffamatoires a des peines
allant jusqu'a quinze ans de prison et de lourdes amendes.
Selon un rapport publie le 13 juin par Reporters sans
frontieres, 93 journalistes egyptiens ont deja ete poursuivis
en vertu de cette legislation. Quant a la nouvelle loi, elle a
largement decu les journalistes puisque la detention
preventive pour delit de presse n'est pas completement
supprimee et les chefs d'inculpation sont toujours aussi
vagues et menacants que dans le texte precedent.   (D'apres
C.A., Liberation, France, 14 juin 1996)

* Ethiopia. Court hears last words of Selassie
On 11 June, dramatic new details about the mysterious death of
Emperor Haile Selassie in 1975 emerged during a war crimes
trial in Ethiopia. The trial is considering evidence of
alleged atrocities committed during the country's communist
period from 1974 to 1991, after the death of Selassie, who
ruled the country for more than 50 years. The witnesses, the
Emperor's two attendants, who stayed with him in custody, told
of how they found his body on the floor the morning of August
26th, 1975. His face was ghastly and there was a bandage
around his neck. One of them said, that when soldiers came to
take him away, Selassie cried out with tears in his eyes: "Is
it not true Ethiopia that I have strived for you?". He then
fell on his knees and prayed. Another witness described how
Colonel Haile Mengistu, who had assumed leadership of the
country's new 120 member military council, the Dergue, ordered
a number of graves to be dug in the grounds of the Grand
Palace where the military had its headquarters. The emperor,
he said, was buried under Col Mengistu's office window. The
discovery of thousands of bones in other graves has given
Ethiopia's special prosecutor's office ample evidence to bring
charges against the Dergue. A total of 46 Dergue members are
in the dock, with some -- including Col Mengistu, who fled to
Zimbabwe in 1991 -- being tried in their absence.   (The
Guardian, U.K., 12 June 1996)

* Gabon. Le Gabon quitte l'<MSIB>OPEP
Le Gabon a decide de ne plus faire partie de l'Organisation
des pays exportateurs de petrole (OPEP). C'est ce qu'a
confirme, le 10 juin, le ministre du petrole, Paul Toungui, en
soulignant que son depart n'etait pas du "a un coup de tete",
mais a un "probleme budgetaire et d'equite". Il a estime que
les petits producteurs etaient "leses" par le systeme visant a
faire payer a chaque Etat membre la meme cotisation au budget
de l'organisation, soit 9 millions de francs.   (D'apres AFP,
France, 11 juin 1996)

* Gabon. Prime minister resigns
The State radio announced on 7 June that Prime Minister Paulin
Obame-Njuema has submitted the resignation of his transitional
government to President Omar Bongo. The radio station linked
the resignation to local and parliamentary elections due in
the country soon. No poll date has been set. Gabon which quit
the oil producers' cartel OPEC this week after complaining
about high membership fees, plans the elections to build on an
agreement struck in Paris between the government and the
opposition in 1994 to defuse political unrest. A referendum
last July approved the deal, which envisaged a transitional
coalition government remaining in place until legislative
elections scheduled for early 1996, as well as the revision of
the electoral code and creation of an independent electoral
commission. Parliament's mandate ran out in May.   (AFJN,
Washington, 11 June 1996)

* Ghana. Elections
On 9 June, Ghana's Vice-President, Nkensen Arkaah, was
nominated as presidential candidate of the opposition People's
Convention Party (PCP) in the December elections. Arkaah, aged
68, whose party was the platform of Ghana's founding president
Kwame Nkrumah, has had a rancorous working relationship with
President Jerry Rawlings, head of the National Democratic
Congress Party, since the elections in November 1992. Their
antagonism exploded into a much publicised scuffle during a
cabinet meeting last December, in which Arkaah claimed that he
was beaten up by Rawlings.   (AFJN, Washington, 11 June 1996)

* Grand Lacs. Le scenario-catastrophe de J. Nyerere
"Les combats au Burundi entre l'armee et les rebelles
pourraient degenerer en une guerre civile a tres grande
echelle", a averti Julius Nyerere, lundi 10 juin, a Nairobi,
lors d'une conference de presse reunie au lendemain de l'echec
de la deuxieme serie de pourparlers inter-burundais. L'ancien
president tanzanien, "facilitateur" de ces rencontres qui ont
eu lieu a Mwanza, sur la rive tanzanienne du lac Victoria, a
evoque un scenario-catastrophe avec l'entree en scene des
miliciens hutus rwandais, refugies dans les pays de la region
des Grands Lacs, aux cotes des rebelles hutus burundais,
ajoutant "qu'il ne sera alors plus possible d'empecher le
Rwanda d'intervenir". Au Rwanda comme au Burundi, l'armee est
controlee par la minorite tutsi. M. Nyerere a estime qu'une
intervention militaire etrangere au Burundi ne resoudrait
rien, mais que la "communaute internationale ne doit pas
rester les bras croises si les massacres commencent".   (Le
Monde, France, 12 mai 1996)

* Kenya. "A clear conscience"
A letter from Kenya's High Commissioner in London, published
in The Independent's correspondence section: "Sir, I was
surprised to see a second article from your Nairobi
correspondent, David Orr, quoting from "damning evidence"
produced by Amnesty International on alleged cases of torture
in Kenya (5 June). This quoted the wife of a vocal opposition
politician, no doubt anxious to damage the reputation of the
government at a time when cohesive opposition in Kenya has
virtually collapsed. We admit that in every basket of apples a
couple may be rotten but it is reckless and irresponsible to
suggest that rape by law enforcement agents is routine. Kenya
does not condone torture and indeed where any law enforcement
agents have been accused of having used excessive force in
dealing with suspects the law has taken its course. The arrest
and prosecution of the individuals in the mob rough-up of
Richard Leakey is a case in point. Further, as demonstrated by
the recent presidential appointment of a nine-member standing
committee on human rights, Kenya has a clear conscience and
position on the violation of fundamental human rights and
freedoms as set out in the constitution".   (The Independent,
U.K., 10 June 1996)

* Liberia. Seizure of arms by <MSIB>ECOMOG
On 8 June, West African peacekeepers (ECOMOG) seized arms and
ammunition in Liberia's capital, Monrovia, during a house-to-
house search and pledged to continue the operation until they
had restored the city's safe haven status. The ECOMOG
peacekeeping force, which stepped up its deployment at the end
of May to halt a flare-up in the city of Liberia's six-year-
civil war, gave a statement in which they affirmed that they
will continue the search for arms and ammunition.   (Reuter,
Washington, 11 June 1996)

* Mozambique. Reforming the land law
Mozambique, ranked by the World Bank as the world's poorest
country, boasts 20 million hectares of arable land, only 10
per cent of which is currently being cultivated. About 90 per
cent of those cultivating the land are from the 2.5 million
peasant families who make up 80 per cent of Mozambique's 17
million people. Emerging from 15 years of a war in the rural
areas, the peasants have tripled their maize production to
934,000 tonnes, enough to meet the country's needs. This an
important achievement for a country that has been dependent
upon food aid for a decade. In addition, Mozambique's small
farmers are credited with producing 60 per cent of the
country's export crops of cashews, cotton and coconut (copra).
All land is owned by the state. Rural communities have rights
of occupancy granted by regulos, traditional authorities. But
the state can grant concessions for the use of land, which the
FRELIMO government is doing to attract development. The
government is reforming the confusing land law and a national
conference was held last week to suggest amending the
legislation.   (The Guardian, U.K., 11 June 1996)

* Mozambique. <MSIB>WFP to provide food
The World Food program (WFP) will continue to provide food to
Mozambique until April 1997, although the country can expect a
good harvest this season, sources said. WFP representative,
Philip Clarke, based in Mozambique, said that his organization
will provide food assistance to 154,000 Mozambicans mainly in
Maputo, Gaza and Sofala provinces which were hit by flood
earlier this year.   (AFJN, Washington, 11 June 1996)

* Rwanda. Temoins du genocide intimides
Selon le procureur adjoint du Tribunal penal international sur
le Rwanda (TRP, siegeant a Arusha (Tanzanie), le Malgache
Honore Rakotomanana, les temoins du genocide de 1994 "se
sentent menaces, craignent des represailles" ou "pensent que
leur famille sera menacee si on les voit etre interroges par
les enqueteurs". Beaucoup d'extremistes hutu qui ont commis
les massacres de 1994 sont accuses par les autorites de Kigali
de mener, depuis le Zaire, la Tanzanie et le Burundi, des
incursions au Rwanda pour eliminer les temoins de leurs
crimes. D'autres craignent que les integristes hutu reviennent
un jour au pouvoir et se vengent. Par ailleurs, un mouvement
inconnu, "Le peuple arme pour liberer le Rwanda" (PALIR),
probablement une creation des "faucons" de l'ancien regime,
vient d'annoncer avoir "ouvert un front interieur" au Rwanda
pour lutter contre l'"occupant".   (D'apres La Libre Belgique,
10 juin 1996)

* Rwanda. President left for China
President Pasteur Bizimungu left the country on 4 May on a
five-days' official visit to China, his first to this country,
at the invitation of Chinese President, Jiang Zemin. Before
his departure, President Bizimungu expressed his satisfaction
at the smooth way relations between his country and China are
developing. He considered his visit another way of promoting
this mutual understanding and friendship between these two
countries. The President was accompanied by Minister of
Foreign Affairs and Cooperation, Anastase Gasana and Minister
of Agriculture and Livestock, Augustin Iyamuremye.   (AFJN,
Washington, 11 June 1996)

* Rwanda. Twagiramungu denonce
L'ancien premier ministre, Faustin Twagiramungu, a la tete des
Forces de resistance pour la democratie (FRD), a affirme hier
a Bruxelles le 12 juin, dans les locaux du Parlement Europeen,
que les hommes du FPR ont entrepris d'"eliminer ce qui fait
l'elite d'un groupe social et ethnique de population, les Hutu
du Rwanda, reproduisant un scenario bien connu au Burundi.
C'est en cela que ses "actes de vengeance isoles", devenus une
destruction methodique d'un groupe ethnique, meritent
l'appellation de genocide". Le FRD reclame qu'une commission
d'enquete soit constituee rapidement et que Kigali la laisse
travailler librement.   (ANB-BIA, de sources diverses, 14 juin
1996)

* Senegal. Sections de l'<MSIB>OIP
En mai et juin dernier, ont ete respectivement mises en places
les sections camerounaise et senegalaise de l'Organisation
internationale des prisons (OIP). Cette institution, dont le
siege international est a Lyon, France, a comme but de
connaitre les conditions de detention et les manquements aux
droits de l'homme dans les prisons; d'en alerter l'opinion
publique; d'encourager la reinsertion social du detenu; et de
promouvoir la recherche de peines alternatives. Face a l'etat
catastrophique des prisons qu'on connait (surpopulation,
alimentation insuffisante -- ou absente --, manque d'hygiene,
oisivete, etc.), le souci general de l'OIP reste celui de
promouvoir le droit a la dignite des detenus. La delegation
regionale pour l'Afrique, qui siege a Dakar, cherche a
coordonner les activites des sections existantes et de
developper la presence de l'OIP sur le continent. Elle cherche
egalement a adapter les methodes d'action de l'organisation
aux realites africaines.   (J. Mendy, Senegal, 12 juin 1996)

* Somalia. Aideed nominates relatives of his arch-rivals
Somali faction leader Mohamed Farah Aideed nominated two
relatives of his arch-rivals as vice-presidents for his
government. The two are Hilowle Imam Omar, a close relative of
north Mogadishu faction leader Ali Mahdi Mohamed, and
Abdirishid Nuh Moallim of the Marehan subclan of the late
dictator, General Mohamed Siad Barre. He also appointed 10
more ministers from two other factions to complete the
structure of his self-claimed government, which was founded on
June 15, 1995. The two factions are the United Somali Congress
of north Mogadishu and the Somali National Front. The
nomination has brought the number of Aideed's vice-presidents
to six, with his cabinet expanded to 93 members.   (AFJN,
Washington, 11 June 1996)

* Soudan. <MSIB>ONG sous controle
Le gouvernement soudanais a decide de controler les activites
sanitaires des organisations non gouvernementales (ONG)
etrangeres a la suite des rapports faisant etat d'une epidemie
de cholera au sud du pays. Le gouvernement avait dementi ces
informations. MSF-Belgique avait publie un rapport indiquant
qu'au moins 700 personnes etaient mortes d'une epidemie de
cholera dans le sud. Elle soulignait que le nombre des
personnes decedees risquait d'augmenter car de nombreuses
zones sont inaccessibles en raison des combats entre les
rebelles chretiens et animistes et les troupes
gouvernementales musulmanes de Khartoum qui font rage depuis
1983 dans le sud du pays.   (Le Soir, Belgique, 12 juin 1996)

* Sudan. 700 die of cholera
An international medical aid agency said on 4 June that a
cholera epidemic sweeping war-ravaged southern Sudan had
killed at least 700 people in the last seven weeks. According
to Medecins Sans Frontiers (Doctors Without Borders), this is
only the tip of the iceberg as relief supplies cannot reached
many of the southern regions due to the waging civil war. It
reported that more than 1,800 cases of cholera in the past
seven weeks. Out of these, 360 people from Adok district alone
had died. The report did not give a breakdown of deaths in
other districts or how it reached the total of at least 700.  
(AFJN, Washington, 11 June 1996)

* South Africa. Getting more Cuban doctors
South Africa is to employ an additional 200 Cuban doctors this
month to help fill health service gaps due to emigration and
fear of violence. These doctors will join 96 others who
arrived earlier this year to work mainly in rural areas.
Discussion are also being held with Germany and other European
Union States to provide doctors. The government-run
recruitment is also aimed at preventing a brain drain from
neighbouring states, who complain large numbers of their
doctors are going to more prosperous South Africa. Health
minister Nkosazana Zuma, also implied that focus on foreign
recruitment did not hindered the plight of local doctors: "We
are committed to training more South African doctors and
improving their salaries and conditions of service". Many
South African doctors have gone to work abroad where pay is
better. Zuma is particularly concerned that only 16% of
doctors trained are black.   (AFJN, Washington, 11 June 1996)

* South Africa. New Archbishop of Cape Town
Bishop Njongonkulu Winston Ndungane, the Bishop of Kimberley
and Kuruman in the Northern Cape, was elected late on 4 June
as the new Archbishop of Cape Town to succeed retiring
Archbishop Desmond Tutu. Bishop Ndungane,55, is the son of an
Anglican priest. He studied at King's College, London and
served as assistant priest in several London parishes before
returning to South Africa. He became Bishop of Kimberley and
Kuruman, four-and-a-half years ago.   (AFJN, Washington, 10
June 1996)

* Tchad. Idriss Deby en tete au premier tour
Selon les resultats provisoires du scrutin presidentiel,
annonces officiellement vendredi 7 juin, le president sortant,
le general Idriss Deby, a recueilli 47,86% des suffrages,
devancant largement le candidat arrive en deuxieme position,
Abdelkader Wadal Kamougue (11%). Ces deux hommes
s'affronteront le 23 juin pour le second tour, ou le president
Deby semble assure de l'emporter. Trois autres candidats se
detachent du lot: les deux leaders de l'opposition Saleh
Kebzabo (8,53%) et Jean Bayoweu Alingue (8%), et l'ancien
president du Parlement provisoire Lol Mahamat Choua (5,6%).
Les dix autres candidats se partagent les voix restantes, avec
des scores de 1 ou 2%. Au long des annees de guerre civile, le
general Kamougue est apparu comme le seul dirigeant militaire
d'envergure qu'ait produit le Sud, et comme le defenseur des
populations sudistes.   (ANB-BIA, de sources diverses, 11 juin
1996)

* Tunisia. Concern grows about Human Rights
A growing body of evidence that independent comment is being
suppressed in Tunisia is threatening to blacken the image of
the Mediterranean tourist destination, whose government claims
to be above the abuses that characterise much of the Arab
world. While Tunis has angrily rejected a recent European
Parliament declaration of concern over civil rights
restrictions in the country, a series of examples spanning the
past six months lends support to concerns over harassment of
government critics and their families and the absence of press
freedom. On 23 May, the president of the International
Federation of Human Rights, Patrick Baudoin, was bundled on
the next plane back to Paris after arriving in Tunis...a
fortnight earlier, the executive director of the Tunis-based
Arab Institute of Human Rights, Frej Fennich, was arrested at
the airport while trying to board a flight to France to attend
a meeting...The long-established Tunisian League for Human
Rights has suffered persistent hounding by the
authorities...Three former league officials -- Al-Munsif al-
Marzouqui, Mustapha ben Jaafar and Sharm ben Sadrein -- are
all banned from travelling outside Tunisia...   (The Guardian,
U.K., 11 June 1996)

* Uganda. Okello dies
Former Uganda President Tito Okello, aged 82, died at Sambia
Hospital on 3 June of a heart attack. General Okello came back
home in November 1993 after nearly eight years of exile in the
neighbouring states of Sudan, Tanzania and Kenya. He ruled
Uganda for six months before being overthrown by then rebel
leader Yoweri Museveni in 1986. He led a group of generals in
July 1985 in ousting the then Obote regime in Uganda and later
was instated as the Head of State of Uganda. He left Uganda on
24 January 1986, shortly before the National Resistance Army,
led by the incumbent President Museveni, captured Kampala,
capital of the country. In 1991, the Ugandan interim
parliament passed a bill permitting Tito Okello to come back
and be given all benefits as a former head of state.   (AFJN,
Washington, 11 June 1996)

* Zaire. Des civils massacres par l'armee?
L'armee zairoise aurait massacre une trentaine de civils au
moins, le mois dernier, au cours d'une operation contre les
"rebelles", dans le nord-Kivu, affirme l'Association zairoise
pour la defense des droits de l'homme (Azadho). Une trentaine
de corps auraient ete retrouves a proximite de deux eglises,
aupres desquelles des villageois s'etaient refugies durant une
operation des forces armees zairoises, dans le village de
pecheurs de Vitshumbi (120 km au nord de Goma).   (La Libre
Belgique, 14 juin 1996)

* Zaire. Les religieux interpellent leurs anciens
A l'occasion de leur derniere assemblee pleniere, les
superieurs majeurs du Zaire ont adresse un message aux
associations d'anciens eleves de leurs congregations
respectives, les invitant a prendre leurs responsabilites. Que
chacun "prenne conscience des taches et des responsabilites
qui lui incombent dans l'effort de redressement de notre
nation", ecrivent-t-ils. Ils leur rappellent aussi que c'est
en eux que repose leur confiance:
"Le peuple vous regarde. Et ses reproches a votre endroit nous
atteignent aussi, a l'instar de la mere affectee par les
mefaits de sa progeniture".   (D'apres CIP, Bruxelles, 13 juin
1996)

* Zambia. Terror campaign
The terror campaign by the clandestine anti-government group
calling itself "Black Mamba" claimed its first victim on 6
June when a police bomb disposal expert was blown to pieces at
Lusaka International Airport, while trying to defuse a device.
The first bomb explosion occurred on 16 May. The explosion
struck the outer security walls at Chiluba's official state
house residence, causing minor damage. However a more powerful
one occurred at the printing offices of the government-owned
Time of Zambia newspaper in the northern copperbelt regional
headquarters of Ndola, causing thousands of dollars worth of
damage. Other bombs have been defused by security agents in at
least three downtown shops and at the city's plush
Intercontinental Hotel. Police have offered a US 10,000 dollar
reward for information leading to the arrest of the Mambas.
President Chiluba accused his political opponents for
deliberately setting out to destabilised the country's social
stability in order to justify their demands for the
dissolution of his government.   (AFJN, Washington, 11 June
1996)

* Zambia. Unions slam government
In a 1 May speech, Fackson Shamenda, president of the Zambia
Congress of Trade Unions (ZCTU) said: "The government cannot
claim to have improved the welfare of the workers. If
anything, the situation is worse than before. Workers have
been reduced to near beggars. The ZCTU looked to increased
employment opportunities, but the government has lamentably
failed to improve the welfare of workers after five years".
The Zambia Employers Federation (ZEF) president, Francis
Simenda, also sides with the ZCTU. He says: "The rising level
of unemployment has increased poverty to alarming levels, to
the extent that the masses are barely surviving below the
minimum nutritional requirements, following job losses as a
result of the Structural Adjustment Programme."   (Moses
Chitendwe, Zambia, 2 June 1996)